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DPC now offers you a homocysteine assay with licenses from Axis-Shield
and Competitive Technologies, Inc.*
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DPC's Homocysteine assays are covered by the DPC license from Competitive
Technologies, Inc. (CTT) |
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Perform
your homocysteine testing without concerns about possible patent infringement
claims from CTT |
| * |
Excluding
customers with unsettled litigation matters and excluding methylmalonic
acid assays. |
Hyperhomocysteinemia
is commonly associated with the risk of cardiovascular disease.1,2,3 Vitamin deficiency is the leading cause of hyperhomocysteinemia
and may be due to inadequate vitamin intake; reduced absorption from the
gastrointestinal tract; increased consumption of vitamin B6, vitamin B12
and folic acid; and drug interactions.3 It is estimated that
hyperhomocysteinemia is responsible for 10 percent of total risk for cardiovascular
disease.4 Elevated plasma homocysteine (> 12 µmol/L) levels
are considered cytotoxic and are found in 5 to 10 percent of the general
population and in up to 40 percent of patients with vascular disease.3
The consensus recommendation is that patients with manifestations of vascular
disease, individuals at risk for cardiovascular disease, those at risk
for vitamin deficiency, and healthy individuals over the age of 50 have
their homocysteine levels measured.3
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| Homocysteine
clinical utility |
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Homocysteine
is an independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease1,2,3 |
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Deficiencies
in folic acid and vitamins B12 and B6 increase homocysteine
concentrations3 |
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Homocysteine
is responsible for 10% of the total risk for atherothrombotic
vascular disease4 |
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Additional
risk factors such as smoking, hypertension, hyperlipidemia and
diabetes may additively increase overall risk3 |
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A
5 µmol/L increase in homocysteine baseline levels increases
the relative risk for cardiovascular disease to between 1.3
and 1.73 |
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Recommendations
for homocysteine testing
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Adapted
from Stanger3
Ask
your Sales Representative for a copy of the D.A.CH.-Liga Homocystein
(German, Austrian and Swiss Homocysteine Society) consensus
paper.3
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| Click here
for more information. |
| Your
best choice in a homocysteine assay |
|
Covered
by homocysteine assay patent licenses from Axis-Shield and Competitive
Technologies, Inc. (CTT)* Click here
for press release. |
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Fully
automated, random access method allows for consolidation on
a single platform of other assays such as Vitamin B12 and Folic
Acid† |
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Minimal
interferences from bilirubin, hemoglobin, and lipemia |
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Total
imprecision: 4.1% CV at treatment cutoff recommended in homocysteine
consensus document3 (desirable total imprecision
for homocysteine: one-half of the within-subject variation,
or less than 4.25%5) |
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Correlation
coefficient better than 0.97 vs. high-performance liquid chromatography
(HPLC) reference method |
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†
Fully automated on the IMMULITE® 2000. |
| Method
Comparison |
| Assay
design |
IMMULITE
method
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Enzymatic
method in an open channel chemistry platform4
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Other
immunoassay methods
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| Wide
assay range |
0.5–50
µmol/L
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0.0–50
µmol/L
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0.8–65
µmol/L
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| Total
imprecision at ~11 µmol/ L |
4.1%
CV
|
6.7%
CV
|
4.2%
CV
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| Correlation
to HPLC |
0.97X
+ 0.71 µmol/L
r = 0.974
|
1.06X
+ 1.47 µmol/L
|
0.97X
+ 0.11 µmol/L
r = 0.988
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| Interferences |
| Lipemia |
Nondetectable
at
3,000
mg/dL
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>16%
decrease at
175 mg/dL
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2.5%
increase at
1300 mg/dL
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| Bilirubin |
Nondetectable
at
200 mg/dL
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Nondetectable
at
16.6 mg/dL
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2.8
% increase at
25 mg/dL
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| Hemoglobin |
Nondetectable
at
512 mg/dL
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Nondetectable
at
1600 mg/dL
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1.4%
increase at
10 g/dL
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Random
access immunoassay system with
a menu of about 100 assays worldwide
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The
high-throughput immunoassay system
that can run routine, esoteric and allergy
tests at the same time
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Click
on the image to learn more about the
IMMULITE 1000 system
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Click
on the image to learn more about
the IMMULITE 2000 system
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All
the advantages of the IMMULITE 2000 and an optional Sample
Management System that automates sample handling for enhanced
productivity
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All
the advantages of the IMMULITE 2000 SMS, plus LDI™ technology
for improved assay turnaround time for STAT cardiac biomarker
assays
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Click
on the image to learn more about the
automation of sample handling with the SMS
(Sample Management System)
|
Click
on the image to learn more about the
IMMULITE 2500 SMS system
|
| References |
| 1. |
Refsum
H, Ueland PM, Nygard O, Vollset SE. Homocysteine and cardiovascular
disease. Ann Rev Med 1998;49:31-62. |
| 2. |
Moller
J, Ahola L, Abrahamsson L. Evaluation of the DPC IMMULITE 2000
assay for total homocysteine in plasma. Scand J Clin Lab Invest
2002;62(5):369-73. |
| 3. |
Stanger
O, Herrmann W, Pietrzik K, Fowler B, Geisel J, Dierkes J, et
al.; D.A.CH.-Liga Homocystein e.V. D.A.CH.-Liga Homocystein
(German, Austrian and Swiss Homocysteine Society): consensus
paper on the rational clinical use of homocysteine, folic acid
and B-vitamins in cardiovascular and thrombotic diseases: guidelines
and recommendations. Clin Chem Lab Med 2003 Nov;41(11):1392-403. |
| 4. |
Toole
JF, Malinow MR, Chambless LE, Spence JD, Pettigrew LC, Howard
VJ, et. al. Lowering homocysteine in patients with ischemic
stroke to prevent recurrent stroke, myocardial infarction, and
death: the Vitamin Intervention for Stroke Prevention (VISP)
randomized controlled trial. JAMA 2004;291(5):565-75. |
| 5. |
Huijgen
HJ, Tegelaers FP, Schoenmakers CH, Pronk-Admiraal CJ, Ekema
S. Multicenter analytical evaluation of an enzymatic method
for the measurement of plasma homocysteine and comparison with
HPLC and immunochemistry. Clin Chem 2004;50(5):937-41. |
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